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Volume 16, Issue 2, June 2008
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Coordinator's Message And the Weekends are for Chocolate
Members who have been following the coordinator's message for the past two years may recall that I have been sharing the practices of Good-Hearted Living (Wilson, 2003) from the World Laughter Tour's laughter club agenda.
We have many discussions in the Certified Laughter Leader's Listserv about both the benefits and the exaggerated or misleading facts about chocolate. While chocolate can be delicious and beneficial, it also symbolizes rest, relaxation, refueling, and restoration. The idea of "the weekends are for chocolate" is to recall the need for rejuvenation and not to work continually without rest. Remember, "All work and no play make Jack a dull boy!" Be sure to schedule time and opportunities for fun and relaxation. Give yourself permission to play and to rest. Remember, even God rested on the seventh day! One of the overwhelming and often-mentioned side effects of cancer treatment is fatigue. I had a patient who was proud of herself for not taking any time off from work during her radiation therapy, though she had been encouraged to "get plenty of rest." A week or so after completing her treatment, she called me and was very concerned that she had "hit the wall." She was afraid that something was very wrong. After taking time off from work and allowing herself to recuperate, her abilities soon were restored. I encourage patients to take rest seriously. While one seems to be doing "nothing," the body is working very hard to repair and recover and needs the energy to do so. My husband has difficulty with the idea of resting. I encourage him to think of our quiet time as investing in our relationship, a very worthy endeavor. Regularly, if not daily, plan activities that bring you pleasure and embrace spontaneity. Consider a joy list or perhaps a bucket list. The movie "The Bucket List" with Jack Nicholson and Morgan Freeman is not particularly realistic, but it does remind us that our time is limited and we should enjoy it while it lasts. Working with patients with cancer is a daily reminder of our limited time. So, make a list and get busy checking it off. Congress, SIG meetings, chapter meetings, and Institutes of Learning sessions can provide opportunities for "chocolate" to refill your bucket with information, encouragement, support, laughter, and reconnection to colleagues. My involvement with ONS and with our SIG has been rewarding and delightful. I thank each of you for helping me to learn and grow. As I turn the role of coordinator over to my successor, Colleen O. Lee, RN, MS, AOCN®, I'll end with the suggestion that the weekends are for chocolate but don't wait! Reference Wilson, S. (2003). Good-hearted living. Columbus, OH: Steve
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The Complementary and Integrative Therapies SIG Newsletter is produced by members of the Complementary and Integrative SIG and ONS staff and is not a peer-reviewed publication. |
Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
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Coordinator-Elect's Message
As the use of complementary and alternative modalities (CAM) therapies becomes more commonplace in oncology care, nurses should be aware of available sources of high-quality CAM facts and knowledge. We also need to be able to converse with our colleagues, especially in the area of the latest research findings. As in conventional oncology care, new research studies are released daily detailing which modalities work better or worse than what was previously believed. To converse confidently, we need to be able to dissect a research article and fully understand its components. Most well-structured research articles follow a similar format for publication.
When reviewing research articles, especially in cancer CAM, nurses should seek the answers to key questions. Some examples are as follows.
In reviewing research articles, I often ask myself two questions, "What is this study telling me?" and "What do I want to know that this article is not telling me?" We must remember to be cautious in our selection of research findings to support or not to support the use of a modality in clinical practice. We also know from experience that an intervention that has shown to possess clinical efficacy in the past may one day, in another study, not show efficacy at all. Additionally, interventions once shown to be safe can have long-term side effects that were not apparent in earlier short-term trials and are later labeled with cautions. I would like to open up discussion on this topic and provide an opportunity for our readers to share their views of how to approach the research study findings in cancer CAM and how best to use the findings to guide practice. Please send your comments and suggestions to leeco@mail.nih.gov with "Letter to the Coordinator" as the subject. Your comments may be printed in a future issue of the Complementary and Integrative Therapies SIG Newsletter!
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Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
Editor's Message
In this issue, Gayle Hawley, BSN, RN-BC, OCN®, Certified Laughter Leader, offers "And the Weekends are for Chocolate" to complete a week of reflections on humor. Diane Serra, RN, HNC, MS, LA.c, provides a role model for integrative nursing practice based on her experience as a holistic nurse liaison in integrative oncology, Geronima Cortese-Jimenez, MPH, RN, OCN®, describes her integrative practice and reflects on how "Complementary and Alternative Modalities Enrich Oncology Nursing," and Colleen O. Lee, RN, MS, AOCN®, offers "Guidance in Reviewing Cancer Complementary and Alternative Modalities Research." We also have included a link to an article in the Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing about Patricia Davis, RN, BS, a technical information specialist at the National Cancer Institute whose career focus is integrative oncology. Let's continue to celebrate the creative application of complementary and integrative therapies in oncology nursing practice, research, and teaching. Blessings, Pamela
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Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
Holistic Nurse Liaison in Integrative Oncology Treats the Whole Patient
I began my nursing career over 32 years ago in traditional settings such as intensive and coronary care units. In these settings, I first became aware that the empowerment of the patient to take an active role in the healing process during the course of his or her care was missing. Many patients assume total dependence on healthcare professionals as their source of healing, and, over the years, I have felt a responsibility as a nursing professional to assist patients with self empowering techniques to help them to maintain active participation in the healing process during the course of treatment. Throughout the past 15 years, this particular part of the journey has intrigued me, and I have developed a desire to increase my knowledge of energy-based medicine practices. This led me to the next part of the journey, which was to enter into a master’s program of Chinese medicine. The philosophy of oriental medicine is grounded in the laws of nature that focus on the balance of mind, body, and spirit. I enrolled at the Pacific College of Oriental Medicine and graduated in 2005. I then became licensed to practice after completing my state board examinations. Now, I'm able to bring the gift and knowledge of Chinese medicine to my nursing career as I move into my role as an advanced practice nurse. My experience as a holistic nurse with biofeedback skills has afforded me the opportunity to assist patients with the integration of mind, body, and spirit. This includes therapeutic touch, Reiki, biofeedback skills, and other mind and body techniques such as progressive relaxation and autogenic training. I have witnessed the profound effects of the use of these modalities on patient outcomes. Nineteen months ago, I had the opportunity to start in a new position as the holistic nurse liaison for the Department of Radiation Oncology at Beth Israel Medical Center in New York, NY.* This position was created by a group of caring doctors and nurses who wanted to create an Integrative Oncology Program. This program is designed to bridge the gap between traditional cancer therapy (i.e., radiation therapy, chemotherapy) and the various complementary therapies patients and family members desire to use during traditional treatment. The holistic nurse liaison position was created to integrate treatments such as acupuncture and therapeutic touch into the care of patients and their families, thereby improving their quality of life. The focus of my position is to assess and treat the whole being emotionally, psychologically, and spiritually. I want to care for the patients, not only their illness. In the beginning, I provided therapeutic touch, Reiki, and relaxation techniques to patients receiving active treatment. These approaches comforted and created a sense of self empowerment in my patients, despite the medical issues they were facing. Each treatment I administer is tailored to the individual. While breathing techniques may work for some, others may require a more involved biofeedback technique. The gift for me comes from watching patients move from their position of helplessness to that of an active, empowered participant in their treatment. One of the unique features of our program provides integrative modalities where and when our patients need them during their treatments and procedures. The program not only addresses the needs of the patients but also teaches and empowers the families with mind and body techniques to assist their loved ones. This gives them a sense of actively participating in their loved ones' care. The vision of the Integrative Oncology Program is to provide complementary therapies for patients and families as well as generate research. Here at Beth Israel, we have several ongoing studies that will help us to expand upon the growing body of knowledge in the area of mind and body techniques. One study uses guided imagery to enhance the quality of life for patients with head and neck cancer during chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It utilizes an integrative oncology modality (i.e., guided imagery) in a defined way to reduce patients' general distress by improving global quality of life and patient satisfaction. The other study uses relaxation techniques (i.e., breathing techniques, guided imagery) to lower stress and anxiety in women receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer. In both studies, subjective and objective data are being collected to demonstrate efficacy of the intervention. Another dimension of care that I have been able to provide is acupuncture. I offer this therapy two days a week in the radiation oncology department at Beth Israel. An additional study will investigate the efficacy of using acupuncture to help minimize chronic xerostomia (dry mouth). It will focus on patients with a history of head and neck cancer and two years post completion of their radiation therapy. Radiation therapy can permanently damage salivary tissue. Though some recovery of salivary gland function within the treatment field is possible, the likelihood of continued improvement after two years is negligible. Initial studies demonstrate acupuncture to be an effective treatment for xerostomia with associated low cost and minimal side effects. Our study will investigate the efficacy of using Chinese medicine-based acupuncture as a treatment for xerostomia. I also improve patients' quality of life by using acupuncture to treat anxiety, pain, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, constipation, and diarrhea. These symptoms are present in many of our patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy and are common problems for our large population of patients dealing with head and neck problems. The opportunity to provide these modalities the moment they are needed is crucial in assisting patients and families. I would like to thank all of my coworkers for supporting me in the work that I do, with special thanks to Louis Harrison, MD, Chairman of Radiation Oncology and Clinical Director, Continuum Cancer Center of New York, NY; Elise Carper, RN, ANP, Director of Nursing, Radiation Oncology; Stewart Fleishman, MD, Director Supportive Services, Continuum Cancer Centers of New York, NY; Barbara Glickstein, RN, MPH, Director of Clinical Services and Community Outreach for the Continuum Center of Health and Healing; and Woodson Merrell, MD, Executive Director of the Continuum Center of Health and Healing, for all of their foresight and compassion in initiating the expansion of a nursing role in the area of oncology. This support offers me the opportunity as a nurse trained in complementary modalities to assist patients and families by using mind and body modalities to treat the whole person. This always has been my focus in nursing, which is also the philosophy and practice of Chinese medicine. *Continuum Cancer Centers of New York, NY: Beth Israel & St. Luke's-Roosevelt
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Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
Complementary and Alternative Modalities Enrich Oncology Nursing
Most nurses start off in the hard sciences and might then gravitate towards complementary and alternative modalities (CAM) such as therapeutic touch and massage, but my experience was quite the opposite. I was a trained Reiki master; practiced meditation and breathing; studied herbs and aromatherapy; and never thought of entering into the realm of conventional medicine. I inched closer by earning a master’s in public health, but my plan was to focus on refugee children. However, when my mother, Nora, became diagnosed with inflammatory breast cancer stage IIIc, that focus was spun on its head. I realized how CAM could improve the quality of life for women with breast cancer. CAM is becoming more commonplace in Americans' lives. According to the 2002 National Health Interview Survey, 36% of U.S. adults are using some form of CAM. When megavitamin therapy and prayer for health reasons are included in the definition of CAM, that percentage rises to 62% (NCCAM, 2007). The survey found that rates of CAM use are especially high among patients with serious illnesses such as cancer. Reiki is one CAM that is becoming more accepted in the medical setting. Researchers at the University of Saskatchewan, under a grant from the National Cancer Institute of Canada, are exploring the use of Reiki to combat the side effects of chemotherapy and anxiety in patients with breast cancer (Jackson, 2004). As part of a pilot program, Washington Hospital Center evaluated the effects of Reiki on patients with cancer to see if it could reduce tension, stress, fatigue, pain, and anxiety (NBC-4, 2006). Reiki and other alternative modalities are now accepted as being within the scope of nursing practice and were accepted by 47% of U.S. state nursing boards in 2001 (Sparber, 2001). Several smaller studies of CAM use by patients with cancer have been conducted. A study of CAM use in patients with cancer in the July 2000 issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that 69% of 453 patients with cancer had used at least one CAM therapy as part of their cancer treatment. A study published in the December 2004 issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology reported that 88% of 102 patients with cancer who were enrolled in phase I clinical trials at the Mayo Comprehensive Cancer Center had used at least one CAM therapy (NCCAM, 2007). The Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine at the National Institutes of Health has broken down CAM into six major categories: alternative medical systems, energy therapies, mind and body interventions, manipulative, body-based methods, and nutritional therapies (NCCOM). Reiki falls under "energy therapies." Although many of these modalities can spill over into several of the categories, dividing them up to better understand them is helpful. The only way that I felt I was being proactive in my mother's care was by using what I knew. She began coming to my home to receive Reiki on the days that she was to receive her chemotherapy treatments—adriamycin and cytoxan. Reiki, which means "universal energy," helps reduce stress and promotes relaxation and healing; it is non-invasive, non-manipulative, and administered by placing the hands on and over several areas of the body. Initially, my mother had a lot of trepidation regarding her treatment, so we scheduled her one-hour sessions right before the chemotherapy. The music that I played while giving her Reiki was taped so she could listen to it as she received the chemo; this helped place her in another frame of mind. Her white blood count was unaffected, much to the surprise of the physicians and nurses; she did not experience much nausea; and she had no vomiting and no infections. Although she was battling an aggressive cancer that required pre- and post-surgery chemotherapy and radiation, she remained positive and determined to fight. She is now eight years away from the diagnosis and dedicates herself as a caregiver to my father and enjoys painting and writing. The Reiki was not the only contributing factor to her well-being, but it certainly made a difference. A year after Nora's initial diagnosis I had a daughter, and four years after that I began feeling disconnected from the patients that I was serving as a public health professional. Thus, I decided to return to school once again to become an oncology nurse. Although it was a huge decision, I had come full circle after realizing how well CAM enriches the oncology field. When I worked as a floor nurse at the hospital, I often gave Reiki to patients who felt anxious, nauseated, or in pain. I also incorporated breathing and visualizations. Now as an oncology nurse educator, I am fortunate to work in an organization that supports my efforts in leading a mindfulness meditation group and presenting talks to groups, individuals, and families regarding what CAM is exactly and how it can be safely integrated into their treatment. I see patients in and out of the hospital in our family center. With the patients in hospitals, I am often asked by physicians to do Reiki for pain or nausea. While receiving education on the illness, patients and their families may feel anxious or afraid so I have them do deep breathing. I have also done meditation with them. I do not go in with a set idea of what to offer; I just let it flow. I let the patients know about our CAM offerings in the family center. Many are already taking herbs or supplements and are highly educated about CAM. They usually want more information and research findings on the effectiveness of these herbs and supplements and their safety during treatment. In our family center, I facilitate a mindfulness meditation group, gynecological cancer group, lung cancer group, and general education series. For the mindfulness meditation group, I give them a didactic on shamata meditation and a Tibetan mindfulness technique; other times, I have incorporated mandalas to color, etc. In the gynecological and lung cancer groups, my co-facilitators are oncology counselors, so we bring in speakers and talk about psychosocial issues; I talk about chakras, meditation, and Reiki. I even met with a prostate and breast group on two different occasions to give a CAM overview and explain how they relate to the specific illness. People love those, especially when it is more tailored and palpable. In the monthly educational series, I have given talks on yoga, Reiki, chakras, and polarity. Even when I am talking about chemo-brain, menopause, and side effects from chemo, I always incorporate a CAM. At work, I tend to send out tips to my colleagues about the benefits of deep breathing, healthy foods, meditation, smiling, and relaxation. At Life with Cancer*, we work very well with our counselors. Two other counselors and I are developing a mind and body series for our outpatients, including an intro to mind and body therapies (i.e., guided imagery, breathing, meditation, sound therapy). Integrating CAM in this setting is well supported by a flexible organization with a goal of helping people face the challenges of cancer.* Life with Cancer, Inova Health System in Fairfax, VA. http://www.lifewithcancer.org References Jackson, K. (2004). Reiki: Rising star in complementary National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. (2007). Cancer and CAM. Retrieved April 15, 2008, from http://nccam.nih.gov/health/camcancer/#use NBC-4. (2006). Cancer patients, survivors find relief through ancient practice. Retrieved April 15, 2008 from http://www.nbc4.com/health/8694928/detail.html Sparber, A. (2001). State boards of nursing and scope of practice of registered nurses performing complementary therapies. Online Journal of Issues In Nursing, 6(3), 10. Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine. (2007). Understanding CAM. Retrieved April 15, 2008, from http://www.cancer.gov/cam/health_understanding.html
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Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
Online Resources Navigation 101
The SIGs Virtual Community was developed to improve communication among SIG leaders and members. Visiting your SIG's Web page on the Virtual Community keeps you updated about SIG activities by providing you with important information and resources. To find your SIG's page, visit the SIGs Virtual Community and select "Find a SIG" from the top navigation. Many features in the SIGs Virtual Community, including the following, are useful to all members. From your SIG's main page, you can subscribe to SIG announcements, calendar events, and the discussion forum. Once you are subscribed to the areas, you will receive an e-mail every time an announcement, event, or discussion has been posted. Announcements pertaining to your SIG, such as scholarship, leadership, and meeting information, are added frequently.SIG events on the SIG calendar are showcased on the main page for your convenience. Simply click on an event for detailed information. The About Us area features information about your SIG leaders. The News section provides important information, such as minutes from past meetings and newsletters. Educational news and photos also can be found here. Click the Discussions button at the top of your SIG's page to access the area. You can post a message, comment, or question and fellow SIG members can read your post and respond. Check the ONS National Announcements section every month for updated information from ONS such as continuing nursing education offerings and events. If you have questions or problems navigating the SIGs Virtual Community, contact Jenny Shinsky at jshinsky@ons.org.
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Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
Wanted: Your Expertise!
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Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
Articles of Interest
For access to the full-text versions of these and other ONF and CJON articles, visit the Publications area of the ONS Web site.
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Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
Putting Evidence Into Practice®
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| Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
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Membership Information SIG Membership Benefits
Join a Virtual Community A great way to stay connected to your SIG is to join its Virtual Community. It's easy to do so. All you will need to do is
Subscribe to Your SIG's Virtual Community Discussion Forum All members are encouraged to participate in their SIG's discussion forum. This area affords the opportunity for exchange of information between members and nonmembers on topics specific to all oncology subspecialties. Once you have your log-in credentials, you are ready to subscribe to your SIG's Virtual Community discussion forum. To do so,
Participate in Your SIG's Virtual Community Discussion Forum
Sign Up to Receive Your SIG's Virtual Community Announcements As an added feature, members also are able to register to receive their SIG's announcements by e-mail.
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| Special Interest Group Newsletter June 2008 |
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Complementary and Integrative Therapies SIG Officers
Know someone who would like to receive a print copy of this newsletter? To view past newsletters, click here. ONS Membership/Leadership Team Contact Information Angie Stengel, MS, CAE, Director of Membership/Leadership Diane Scheuring, MBA, CMP, Manager of Member Services Carol DeMarco, Membership/Leadership Administrative Assistant The Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) does not assume responsibility for the opinions expressed and information provided by authors or by Special Interest Groups (SIGs). Acceptance of advertising or corporate support does not indicate or imply endorsement of the company or its products by ONS or the SIG. Web sites listed in the SIG newsletters are provided for information only. Hosts are responsible for their own content and availability. Oncology Nursing Society
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